This is a companion book for Natural Maths Strategies Book 1. This book provides the tools needed to make an informed and accurate assessment of individual student's level of mathematical competence. Annotated work samples from students working with the Natural Maths Strategies program illustrate how to interpret students' wok for assessment purposes. The authors have also provided leaning horizons that identify the developmental stages that underpin each of the big ideas in the Natural Maths Strategies program. These can be used as the basis of informed planning and direct teaching.