This introductory penology textbook is a comprehensive guide to the field of penology that includes a discussion of the evidence-based correctional theories as well as the practical aspects of penology, from the point of view of the offender, the victim, the criminal justice system, and the society. Although the emphasis is on the American penal system and corrections in the U.S. today, there is also a key chapter on the history of punishment, so the current practices can be put in context, as well as an international and comparative approach, so penology can be seen in a global context.