This volume contains papers presented at the sixteenth International Ethnological Food Research Conference held in Innsbruck, Austria, and Merano, Italy. The conference brought together scholars from eighteen countries in Europe, North America, and Asia, from a variety of disciplines, who explore the role of dietary attitudes, lifestyle choices, and recourse to healing-related activities of different kinds. Dietary choices are perceived to play in the achievement of health and wellness. Contributors to this volume touch on key aspects of current discourses on health and well-being, in a variety of cultures and from different perspectives, in both historical and contemporary times.