Learned and fixed behaviors underlie many of the patterns we observe in songbirds. But the environmental context in which these patterns occur is changing quickly, often to the detriment of the individual and species. The goal of this book is to weave concepts of behavior more tightly into our conservation strategies. Each chapter describes the current understanding of behavior in relation to a particular songbird life history trait. The authors then evaluate challenges that songbirds face in the Anthropocene, and explore the role of behavior in addressing these challenges. The future is uncertain for songbirds, but broadening our management toolkit will increase the potential for success.